Ngaphambi kokuthi i-PVC ingenziwa ibe yimikhiqizo, kufanele ihlanganiswe nobubanzi bezithasiselo ezikhethekile. Lezi izengezo zingathonya noma zinqume inani lemikhiqizo yemikhiqizo, okungukuthi; Izakhiwo zayo zemishini, ukushesha kwesimo sezulu, umbala wayo nokucaca futhi ngempela noma ngabe kufanele kusetshenziswe kuhlelo lokusebenza oluguquguqukayo. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-CompouNeng. Ukuvumelana kwe-PVC nezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene zezithasiselo kungenye yezinto zokwakha amandla amaningi futhi yikho okwenza kube yi-polymer eguquguqukayo enjalo. I-PVC ingahle ibe yiplastiya ukuyenza iguqulwe ukuze isetshenziswe emafulethini naphansi kwemikhiqizo yezokwelapha. I-RIRRID PVC, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-PVC-U (i-U Staps for "Okungahambi kahle") isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nezinhlaka zewindi.

Izithasiselo ezisebenzayo ezisetshenziswe kuzo zonke izinto ze-PVC zifaka phakathi ukuqina kokushisa, ama-lubrantants, nakwingozi ye-PVC eguquguqukayo, ama-plasticis. Izithasiselo zokuzikhethela, zifaka phakathi izinhlobo zezinto ezivela ku-AIDS ecubungula, ama-conficiers wethonya, ama-uv conviliers, ama-flame retaardiers, ama-rineral retardants, ama-pigments, ama-ejenti okufaka izicelo. Okuqukethwe kwangempela kwe-PVC polymer kwezicelo ezithile eziphansi kungaba ngaphansi njenge-25% ngesisindo, okusele kubalwa ngokwezifiso. Ukuhambisana kwalo nezithasiselo zivumela ukungezwa okungenzeka kwezimbumbulu ze-flame yize i-PVC ingumcibisholo we-tryorine ngenxa yobukhona be-chlorine ku-polymer matrix.

Izithasiselo ezisebenzayo

Abavimbayo ukushisa

Abaqinisi bokushisa bayadingeka kuzo zonke izindlela ze-PVC ukuvimbela ukubola kwe-PVC ngokushisa nokugunda ngesikhathi sokucubungula. Bangaphinde bathuthukise ukumelana kwe-PVC ekukhanyeni kwemini, futhi bazenze futhi ukuguga okushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho ama-Heat Stalilizer anethonya elibalulekile ezizakhiweni ze-PVC kanye nezindleko zokwakhiwa. Ukukhethwa kokushisa kwe-Stabilizer kuya ngezinto eziningi kufaka phakathi izidingo zobuchwepheshe zomkhiqizo we-PVC, izidingo zokuvunyelwa kokulawula nezindleko.

OkokuthathelaLokhu kusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana ngesikhathi sokulungiswa. Izinto zokuthambisa zangaphandle zinganciphisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwe-PVC kanye nemishini yokusebenza, kanti ama-lubruants angaphakathi asebenza kuma-pvc granule.

AbaphambiliI-sciciliser yinto lapho ingezwe kokuqukethwe, imvamisa ipulasitiki, yenza kube nezimo, ukuqina futhi kube lula ukusingatha. Izibonelo zakuqala zama-plasticissors zifaka amanzi ukuthambisa ubumba namafutha okuphamba komoya wokuphinda amanzi ngezikebhe zakudala. Ukukhethwa kwama-plasticisisers kuncike kwizakhiwo zokugcina ezidingwa ngumkhiqizo wokugcina, futhi ngempela ukuthi umkhiqizo ungowokusebenza phansi noma isicelo sezokwelapha. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-300 ezahlukahlukene zama-spicisioners azo ezingaba ngu-50-100 ezisetshenziswa kwezentengiso. Ama-spicuisers asetshenziswa kakhulu asebenza ngoPhthalates angahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili ahlukile anezicelo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu kanye nezilungiselelo; I-Phthalates ephansi: Isisindo esiphansi se-molecular (LMW) iqukethe ama-athomu ayisishiyagalombili noma ngaphansi kwekhabhoni emhlane wawo wamakhemikhali. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, i-DEHP, DBP, Dibp ne-BBP. Ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zinhlaka eYurophu kukhawulelwe kuzinhlelo ezithile ezikhethekile. I-Phthalates ephezulu: Isisindo esiphakeme samangqamuzana (HMW) SPTHALATATE yilawo anama-athomu ama-carbon angu-7 - 13 ekubukeni kwabo emuva kwamakhemikhali. Lokhu kufaka: Dinp, Didp, DPPP, Diup ne-DTDP. I-HMW Phothalates isetshenziswe ngokuphepha ezindaweni eziningi ezifaka amakhebuli naphansi. Abasezingeni eliphakeme bama-pristis, njenge-adipates, ama-citlates, ama-benzoates kanye nama-trimeleltes asetshenziswa lapho kudingeka khona izindawo ezikhethekile zomzimba njengekhono lokulinganisa okuphansi kakhulu noma lapho kubalulekile khona ukuguquguquka. Imikhiqizo eminingi ye-PVC esiyisebenzisa nsuku zonke kepha ivame ukuthatha kalula i-Phthalate Plasticisers. Kubandakanya konke kusuka ku-Lifesaving Amadivayisi wezokwelapha aphefumula njengamashubhu wezokwelapha nezikhwama zegazi, ezicaleni zikagesi, amakhekhe kagesi, ukupakisha, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ukubhala, ama-tothole. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Phthalates isetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlelo ezingezona ze-PVC ezifana nopende, imikhiqizo yenjoloba, izinamathiseli kanye nezimonyo.

Izithasiselo Zokuzikhethela

Lezi izengezo ongazikhetha azidingeki ngokuqinile ebuqothweni bepulasitiki kepha zisetshenziselwa ukudweba ezinye izakhiwo. Izithasiselo zokuzikhethela zifaka inketho yengculazi, ama-mictifiers wethonya, ama-filler, ama-nitrile rubber, imibala kanye nama-colome nezibungu.